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Beed

Population (2001 census): 2,159,841 Literacy rate (2001): 70.24% Below poverty line: 43 % Infant mortality rate (IMR): 11 Getting there >> Air: Nearest airport is at Aurangabad (130 kms), which is linked to Mumbai. The other airport is in Pune. Rail: Not connected by rail. Nearest station is Ahmednagar (141 kms). Pune is 261 kms and Mumbai is 398 kms away from Beed. Road: State highways and roads from the district headquarters at Beed link all 11 tehsils (subdistricts) and major towns.

Physical

Geographical location: Between 18°28’ and 19°28’ North latitudes and 74°54’ and 76°57’ East longitudes in the central part of the state Area: 10,432 sq km Adjoining districts: North: Aurangabad and Jalna; east: Parbhani and Latur; south: Osmanabad and Ahmednagar; west: Ahmednagar Major urban centres: Beed, Parali, Ambejogai, Majalgaon, Georai, Dharur Major crops: Wheat, millets, rice, pulses, sugarcane, betel Major rivers: Godavari, Sina, Manjara, Bindusara Total no. of sub-districts: 11

Demography (2001 census)

Population: 2,159,841 Density of population (persons/sq km): 202 Men: 1,120,664 Women: 1,039,177 Total rural population: 1,773,152 Total urban population: 386,689 % of Scheduled castes: 13.40 % % of Scheduled tribes: 1.12 % Sex-ratio (females/1000 males): 927

Social development indicators (2000-01)

Below poverty line: 43 % Infant mortality rate (IMR): 11 Maternal mortality rate: 1 Birth rate: 15.9 Death rate: 3

Climate

Max temp in °C: 40.3°C Min temp in °C: 11.7°C Average rainfall in mm: 600-700 mm

Economy

Industries: Oil mills, sugar factories, handlooms, clay ware Industrial centres: Omarga, Dhoki, Yedshi,Tamalwadi, Turori, Bhum, Kalamb, Naldurg, Murum Main markets: Beed, Georai, Manjlegaon, Ambejogai Main banking centres: Beed, Georai, Manjlegaon, Ambejogai

Disaster vulnerability

Flood: Flood-prone: almost 26 % of the population lives in flood-prone areas Earthquake: Yes Cyclone: No Drought: Yes Relief machinery: Drilling rigs: 1 (GSDA, Beed); Hydrofracturing unit: 1 (GSDA, Beed); Inwell drilling rig: 1 (GSDA, Beed)

Medical facilities

Hospitals: 17 Health facilities: The district has a network of government-run health facilities consisting of the district hospital offering tertiary-level care, with rural hospitals at the secondary level and primary health centres, sub-centres and dispensaries providing basic healthcare to the rural population. Nearly 74.15% of the villages have these primary health facilities (1991) covering over 87% of the rural population. The district has 2.65 beds per 1,000 population in medical institutions in urban areas (1991). Blood banks: 2

Language

Language: The principal language spoken in the district is Marathi; Urdu is also spoken.

Food

Food: Jowar (millets) is the staple food of the people of this district along with wheat and rice.

Transportation and communication

Post and telegraph services: Nearly 27% of the villages, covering 49% of the rural population, have postal facilities. The district has 23 post offices per 100,000 people.There are 320 post offices and 20 telegraph offices. State highways passing through the district and road services: The following state highways pass through the district: Vasai--Ahmednagar--Bhum; Malkapur--Solapur; Parli- -Ambejogai; Latur-- Lokhandi--Sawargaon. Of the total 1,269 inhabited villages 712 (56.11%) covering 71.66% of the rural population have access to bus services. Important railway stations and railway services: A railway line passes through the district, with Parli Vaijnath as the main station. Other stations accessible are Jalna, Manwath Road and Ahmednagar.

Voluntary agencies

Culture and Religion

Fairs and festivals: The main fairs held in the district are: the Twaritapune Devi held at Talwada in Georai tehsil in March-April; Shivaratri on Makar Sankranti at Beed; the Parli Vaijnath fair on Mahashivratri day which is the most important one in the district. April alone has 196 fairs held during the month. Religious places: Tuljapur, Ramling, Andur, Sonari, Domgaon, Bhum, Kunthalgiri, Yermala, Siddheshwar History: Beed (also spelt Bid) in ancient times was known as Bhir. The region was ruled by the Satavahanas, the Chalukyas and the Yadavas. In the medieval period it passed to the Mughals and the Nizam of Hyderabad. For a brief period it was controlled by the Marathas and the British but in the 19th century it reverted to the Nizam's control. In 1948, Hyderabad was merged with the Indian Union. In 1956, Marathwada region, which had been part of Hyderabad, was merged with Bombay Province. In 1960, it became part of Maharashtra and Beed became one of its districts.