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Parbhani

Population (2001 census): 1,491,109 Literacy rate (2001): 67.04% Below poverty line: 16 % Infant mortality rate (IMR): 9 Getting there >> Air: The nearest airport is at Aurangabad (198 kms), which is linked to Mumbai. Pune is another airport located close by. Rail: Connected by rail (broad gauge), Parbhani is a major station. Pune is 379 kms and Mumbai is 516 kms away from Parbhani. Road: State highways and roads from the district headquarters at Parbhani connect all nine tehsils (subdistricts) and major towns.

Physical

Geographical location: Between 18.45° and 20.01° North latitudes and 76.13° and 77.09° East Area: 10,972 sq km Adjoining districts: North: Buldhana and Akola districts; east: Yeotmal and Nanded districts; south: Latur district; west: Beed and Jalna districts Major urban centres: Parbhani, Hingoli, Basmat, Sailu, Purna, Jintur, Gangakhed, Manwat, Pathri, Kalamnuri, Sonpeth Major crops: Millets, cotton Major rivers: Godavari, Purna, Penganga Total no. of sub-districts: 9

Demography (2001 census)

Population: 1,491,109 Density of population (persons/sq km): 229 Men: 761,937 Women: 729,172 Total rural population: 1,006,096 Total urban population: 485,013 % of Scheduled castes: 11.02 % % of Scheduled tribes: 5.27 % Sex-ratio (females/1000 males): 957

Social development indicators (2000-01)

Below poverty line: 16 % Infant mortality rate (IMR): 9 Maternal mortality rate: 1.3 Birth rate: 12.9 Death rate: 3.3

Climate

Max temp in °C: 41.9°C Min temp in °C: 6°C Average rainfall in mm: 888.5 mm

Economy

Industries: Handloom, ginning and pressing, weaving Industrial centres: Devnandarta, Lohgaon, Parbhani, Manvat, Selu Main markets: Parbhani, Hingoli, Basmath, Sailu Main banking centres: Parbhani, Hingoli, Basmath, Gangakhed, Jintur, Pathri

Disaster vulnerability

Flood: Medium probability, based on rainfall Earthquake: Yes Cyclone: No Drought: Yes Relief machinery: Drilling rigs: 2 (GSDA)

Medical facilities

Hospitals: Hospital- 1(government), 2 (private); Ambulances- 5 (private), 15 (public) Health facilities: In 1991, 267 (18.18%) of the 1,469 inhabited villages had medical facilities in the form of government-run primary health centres, sub-health centres and dispensaries, covering 36.59% of the population. Blood banks: 1 (government),1 (private)

Language

Language: The main language is Marathi. Hindi is also spoken by a large part of the population.

Food

Food: The staple food of the people is millets, wheat and pulses.

Transportation and communication

Post and telegraph services: There are 302 post offices State highways passing through the district and road services: The state highways that run through the district include -- Nashik--Jalna--Ardhpur--Pettagndam; Nagpur--Bori--Tuljapur; Ahmednagar--Shevgaon--Pathri--Basmath; Nanded--Purna--Lohegaon--Borwand; Jintur--Parbhani--Gangakhed. Nearly 75% of the villages are connected by bus services, covering 80% of the rural population. Important railway stations and railway services: It is on the Manmad--Kacheguda railway route. Another rail line is the Parbhani--Parli--Vaijnath route that originates from Parbhani. The district has stations at Parbani, Ganga kher, Sonegaon, Dhondhi, Singnapur

Voluntary agencies

Swapnabhumi - Samajik Aarthik Vikas Sanstha At/P O Kerwadi, Taluka: Palam Parbhani - 431401 Maharashtra, India Phone : 91-2452-47476

Culture and Religion

Fairs and festivals: Among the most important fairs held in the district are: the Dasara fair at Hingoli during Navratri (October-November); the Shri Nagnath fair at Aundha (Hingoli tehsil); the Keshavrao fair at Sailu (Pathri tehsil) and the Shah Turab Ul Haq Urs at Parbhani during Ramzan. Religious places: Parbhani, Tridhara, Gunj, Mudgal, Yanoli, Nemgiri, Mirkhel, Selu, Walur, Kothe History: Parbhani, which is in the Marathwada-Vidarbha region of Maharashtra, was in ancient times known as Prabhavati. It is claimed that Parbhani is the birthplace of Valmiki who wrote the Ramayana. At various times in history it was ruled by Ashoka of the Maurya dynasty, the Satavahanas, the Vakatakas, the Rashtrakutas, the Chalukyas, the Yadavas, the Bahamanis, Imadshahi, the Nizam Shahi of Ahmednagar, the Mughals and the Nizam of Hyderabad. Till 1853, it was part of Berar and subsequently came under the rule of Hyderabad. When Hyderabad was merged with the Indian Union, Parbhani became part of Bombay Province. It became part of Maharashtra with the creation of that state in 1960.